Piety and Impiety Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Piety and Impiety - Essay Example This meant he was more likely to face the consequences of his actions as those against him yielded the power to prosecute him. According to Plato’s (Socrates close friend) account, Socrates prosecution was masterminded by Anytus, a leading democrat. In the years before Socrates trial, the Tyrants had taken over Athens, these were lead by Critias, a former pupil of Socrates (Brickhouse and Smith 26). Many of the Athenians who supported the democrats and the democrats who were overthrown by the tyrants viewed Criatias actions as emanating from Socrates teachings. The fact that Critias made it clear that he had cast aside the follies of his youth, such as education, did not change the Athenians view of Socrates role in the growth of the tyrants. Soon after, the Tyrants were replaced by the democrats. As a sign of reconciliation and a means of healing the wounds of the civil war Socrates perceived role was sidestepped. However, Anytus who was a leading voice among the democrats wa s not as forgiving. His actions were not only a result of the civil war but were mostly personal as his son was a keen follower of Socrates teachings. ... The first of these charges was impiety. Under impiety, Socrates was accused of believing in multiple gods of which the state never believed in. In extension, he failed to seek divine explanations and instead sought natural explanation for natural phenomenon. The second charge was that he corrupted the young, as part of the charge Socrates was accused of invoking a spirit of criticism among the youth (Fagan and John 121). As part of his regular teachings Socrates received great audience from the youth across all social groups in Athens, he critically evaluated prominent individuals in the marketplace. In his cross-examination of prominent people such as poets, artisans, and statesmen Socrates often dismissed them as lacking in knowledge and believing to know more than they actually did (Brickhouse and Smith 26). It is his ability to criticize those in power that he struck a code with the young and this had a profound effect among them. As stated, Socrates trial was a result of witch h unting and a bulk of what Socrates was accused of was a misrepresentation or misinterpretation of his engagements in Athens. According to the Athenians, piety was a representation of several engagements. Key among these was respect for the gods, the dead and the ancestors. They believed that any impious person was only attracting the wrath of the gods and the entire society would suffer in return, mainly through plague and sterility. Impiety charge was thus a serious charge among the Athenians. Because Socrates was a critique of existent practice it is possible that any of his words or actions would have translated to an impiety charge. A keen follower of moral instructions, Socrates may have failed to take part in significant religious festivals. Further, he attracted

Health care Concepts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Health care Concepts - Essay Example It also provides us with the constraints faced by our health care arrangement. Week 4- Rising Costs of Health Care: The rising costs present us with some of the challenges that are faced by the health care arrangement. It helps identify these areas that would need further research and improvements to make the arrangement more efficient. It also shows the goals of the US health care arrangement. Pharmaceutical Industry: Presents us with some knowledge on the industry where drugs are developed, produced and marketed. It presents us with the process that a drug has to go through before it is licensed as a medication. Health care Reform topic provides us with a rubric for discussing the health care policy creation and the changes on the policies. It presents the policies that have been developed on matters affecting the health care arrangement. Health care Reform topic two, introduces us to the debates surrounding the health care arrangement and issues on access, fairness, quality and sustainability of the health care arrangement. Medicare/ Medicaid: In this week we are introduced to the concepts of Medicaid which is a government program that provides health care related services. These are rather separate programs but all fall under the section of health and human services. We are introduced to the services that are provided by these programs. Medical Ethics: This topic introduces the students to the code of ethics that ranges from: compassion, human dignity, and support in the health care, education, improvements in the community, responsibilities of the medical practitioners and the aspects of professionalism and upholding honesty in the health care arrangement. Alternative Medicine: We are introduced to a broad range of approaches, therapies, healing processes and those that are not commonly used and unacceptable in the health care arrangement. Health Care Literacy: In this topic we are introduced to the currency of success essential in

President Bill Clinton Essay Example for Free

President Bill Clinton Essay The Map Room Speech delivered by President Bill Clinton by way of apology and explanation regarding his conduct with Monica Lewinsky appeals to the listener as an American and as an individual, that is, makes its appeal to personal and presumably universal feelings and emotions regarding the state and the family. This speech must be reviewed with the idea in mind that this is not the first time that Clinton is speaking on the subject. His initial statement regarding Lewinsky involved the memorable line â€Å"I did not have sexual relations with that woman. † In the early stages of a scandal, it is possible to strategize along the lines of the Chinese saying that â€Å"less talk, less mistake. † That is, by delivering a direct and unequivocal statement, it is possible to brazen everything out and avoid further discussion regarding degrees of involvement or moral culpability. However, in view of later developments, it became necessary to take a different tack. The strategy employed by this speech involves admitting a mistake – admitting a â€Å"wrong† relationship with Ms Lewinsky and deceiving his wife in the process – but it is a mistake that had to be framed as a mistake that any other man would have made. But at the same time that it presents the President as having a lot in common with the man on the street, it also intends to reinforce the image of great-heartedness expected in a gentleman, where he says â€Å"I must take complete responsibility for all my actions, public and private. † Here we are presented with a fusion of Everyman and Hero. The first paragraph of this speech makes the point that he has, in the course of the investigation, answered questions that â€Å"no American citizen would ever want to answer. † The juxtaposition of â€Å"American citizen† with the concept of doing something unwillingly while at the mercy of a probing authorities is meant to create tension between the idea of the American as the â€Å"freest citizen on Earth† and a version of reality where he actually is not quite â€Å"free†. On some level it would evoke the historical â€Å"white man’s burden† that the US was supposed to have taken up when it acquired colonies in Asia – that the American has a great responsibility to truth because to those whom much is given, much is expected. The ordinary man on the street might feel this, that he submits to Big Brother on occasion, because he must keep his country great and intact. In the next paragraphs he owns up to his mistakes while emphasizing the mitigating factors. He has been truthful and never lied, since all his answers were â€Å"legally accurate. † This would dispose of the famous episode where â€Å"oral sex† as â€Å"real sex† was called into question during the investigation. He also stresses that he never asked anyone to practice deception for his sake, which statement seems to be intended to call attention to the fact that he is not a heartless cheating bastard or a predatory boss. He did not ask the women in his life – his wife and his mistress – to cover up for him, or to risk their integrity for him as he could have done so easily, as some unscrupulous men would have done quite easily, were they situated in a position as powerful as his. Clinton then proceeds to attribute his silence to a lapse in judgment. The earlier tactic of brazening out a tricky situation seems to have backfired, and thus must be transformed into, or presented as, keeping quiet out of the desire to protect the innocent – those who cannot protect themselves. Of course, one keeps silent or withholds information from the media, and this portion contrasts the family man’s desire to protect honor or the finer sensibilities of his wife and daughter with that of the media as a relentless institution that will say all, that must have its ratings and viewers, at the expense of reputations or feelings or whatever it is that is insulted in the course of getting the story. He also reminds the public that there was a politically motivated lawsuit – one which was subsequently dismissed – that was ongoing at the time the scandal erupted. Now the image includes political enemies, whose popular image would be, like the media, that of predators: Power-hungry individuals out to destroy a man who is only trying to do his best. In touching on this investigation he says: â€Å"The independent counsel investigation moved on to my staff and friends, then into my private life, and now the investigation itself is under investigation. This has gone on too long, cost too much, and hurt too many innocent people. † Here it is worthwhile to note the emphasis on cost, the toll which the investigation, where he and his wife have been cleared anyway, has taken not just in terms of time or money, but again in terms of the mental or moral anguish that it has caused â€Å"innocent people. † He then brings the situation home; the public issue is also a private one, and indeed, now that the public aspect of it has been disposed of, the process of dealing with it as a personal, a family issue, commences. The unspoken truth here is that this process will be more difficult than the public one. He says that the people he loves most are his wife and daughter. Such statements are rather like a Hallmark greeting card – bland enough to slide off without anyone taking umbrage or questioning the validity of the statement. At the same time, the cliche carries with it great power. While love is a complex thing that is constantly in flux, with family relations being a barometer of the same, the ordinary individual does not question its nature but only sticks to his guns and says â€Å"I love my family. † To say, â€Å"Now this matter is between me, the two people I love most: my wife and our daughter, and our God. I must put it right, and I am prepared to do whatever it takes to do so. Nothing is more important to me personally,† is to say exactly what the ordinary American thinks he would feel in such a situation, and moreover, it uses much the same language that he would. The father of the family also puts his foot down when he says, â€Å"†¦I intend to reclaim my family life for my family. It’s nobody’s business but ours. † Of course, one of the more striking lines in this speech is â€Å"Even Presidents have private lives. † The audience here is asked to have mercy, or perhaps, more accurately, to step up and do their part as members of a community. If America is a great democracy, then the rules that apply to you and your neighbors down the hall or across the street apply to the president too – and not just rules, but privileges. The turn of phrase is made even more pleasing by the suggestion that this time, it is the nation – the man with his beer on the couch, watching tv, the mother preparing dinner, that has the power. Spare the President, because he’s only human. And this way, the passive viewer gets to feel that he or she actually gets to do something that matters. Then Clinton, in the last three paragraphs, draws matters to a close. He says that â€Å"It is time to stop the pursuit of personal destruction and the prying into private lives, and get on with our national life. † This is calculated to appeal to loftier feelings. It says â€Å"You’re better than that. † Or better yet â€Å"We’re better than that. † With these words, he aligns himself with the people. It is at this point that he ceases to be – at least within the framework of this speech – the beleaguered and erring politician, or the earnest, hardworking father and husband who has made the mistake of an office dalliance. At this point, he is gathering up the reins and resuming the role of President, Leader of the Nation. In its sweep, it even disposes of the notion that the presidency he holds is actually at the mercy of the people’s preference. But there is nothing wrong with this, not really. After all, anyone who has been a leader, whether coach of a basketball team, head of a clique or a mother of small children, knows that there is a time when one has to act decisively, to think for the followers and act rather than to pay obsessive attention to their every squeak and whimper. He refers to the country as having been â€Å"distracted for too long. † Indeed, the business of nation-building, or at least the one of getting along from one day to another as a nation, would appear to benefit from being presented once more as something lofty. For once everything is in place – when the people have enough to eat, for instance, and homes and televisions and cable tv – it is easy to become lost in inane distractions like a media circus. Or at least, that it is a media circus and detrimental to the work begun by the Founding Fathers and continued by the Pioneers, is the desired effect. He calls then for people to the â€Å"important work to do real opportunities to seize, real problems to solve, real security matters to face. † This effectively writes off the scandal in which he has been recently embroiled as â€Å"not real. † Security issues are real, the opportunity for economic growth is real, but the doings of a man and his intern are less â€Å"real. † And this makes sense in a practical way – set against the greater scale of things, it seems to say, does it really matter that Bill Clinton had sex with Monica Lewinsky? This speech acknowledges its importance to the nation in a â€Å"if it’s important to you, then it’s important to me† kind of way; â€Å"I care about how you feel,† he says to America. But as it ends, he presents the events of the preceding months as a small matter, after all, set against the backdrop of the greatness that is America in the century that (at that time) was just about to begin. In conclusion, in the alliances and associations created by this speech is a powerful message to the listeners that they mustn’t care too much about one man’s mistake – what they (and that erring man) have at hand is a much greater task: upholding the great American nation.

Influence of Pain on Quality of Life for Cancer Patients

Influence of Pain on Quality of Life for Cancer Patients Abstract Purpose: Pain is a common complaint of cancer patients which is found to significantly affect the quality of life of Head and Neck cancer patients. For patients suffering from cancer, control of symptoms and pain play a significant role in improving the overall quality of life of head and neck cancer patients. A literature search revealed that studies on the intensity of pain and quality of life before receiving anticancer therapy are lacking. Thus, this study was an attempt to assess the influence of intensity of pain on quality of life of cancer patients before receiving anticancer treatments Methods: A total of 100 histopathologically confirmed cases of head and neck cancer were interviewed. Intensity of pain was evaluated using the Brief Pain Inventory and the quality of life of patients was evaluated using EORTC QLQ-C30 module.. Results: The results showed that majority of patients suffering from oral cancer belonged to 5th and 6th decade of life. Kruskal Wallis test showed statistically significant in the quality of life and tumour stages. Chi square test also gave significant association between the quality of life and pain. Conclusions:. Assessment of Quality of life in cancer patients will direct the attention of clinician to the most important symptom; pain. Thus appropriate interventions can be instituted at right time along with palliative care to improve the Quality of Life of cancer patients. Keywords: Pain, Quality of Life, Cancer, Palliative care Introduction: Head and neck cancer encompasses a group of tumours involving the lip, oral cavity, nasal cavity, larynx, pharynx and paranasal sinuses. By incidence, it is the sixth leading cancer worldwide and eighth by fatality. Every year 0.5 million new cases are reported. It usually develops in 6th-7th decade of life and five year survival rate in a patient suffering from HNSCC is 40-50%. Approximately 40% of these tumours occur in the oral cavity, 15% occur in the pharynx, and 25% occur in the larynx; in 90% of the cases, the most common histologic type is squamous cell carcinoma. (1) Pain is the most burdensome symptom and is one of the most common complaints in a patients suffering from Head and Neck cancer. A systematic review evaluating the prevalence of pain in cancer patients over past 40 years reported high figures in the range of 52-77%. (2) The review also stated that as the stage of cancer advanced the prevalence of pain also increased. They reported a prevalence of 62%–86% in patients with advanced cancer. (2) These figures are in contrast to rapidly increasing research work in the field of pain relief. Pain is one of the most significant symptoms of cancer patients that affects multiple domains of life ranging from its impact on physical functioning to emotional functioning. It is a usual symptom of cancer patients, accounting for 30% to 40% of their chief complaints, and is of multifactorial aetiology. Approximately 58% of cancer patients suffer from unbearable pain, and this prevalence increases to 85% in patients with cancer in advanced stages. (3. A metanalysis which was carried out in the year of 52 studies for evaluating the prevalence of pain in cancer patients, reported that head and neck cancer patients had the highest prevalence of pain exceeding gastrointestinal gynaecological, breast and lung tumours. (2) In Head and Neck cancer patients, pain distresses the oral functions and is chief complaint in approximately 58% of the patients awaiting treatment and in 30% of the treated patients (4,5). The term â€Å"Quality of Life† has been used in literature in various ways both as a concept and an instrument of measurement. Very rarely has it been defined clearly. It may be considered as a subjective term which conveys the perception of a patient about his life which may either be positive or negative. It includes an assessment of general health, satisfaction, fulfilment, ability to cope, happiness, being in control and degree of independence. (6) Not only does pain affect the life of quality of patients before seeking antineoplastic treatment, also it has devastating effect in patients undergoing treatment. Thus there has been a growing interest in the inclusion of measures for improving life quality of patients before, during and after undergoing quality of life treatments. Literature search revealed that studies on the intensity of pain and quality of life before receiving anticancer therapy are lacking. Thus, this study was undertaken to assess the severity of pain and its impact on the quality of life (QoL) in untreated patients with head and neck carcinoma using questionnaire. Also the association of pain severity with clinical stage of the tumour and lymph node involvement was assessed. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out in the patients reporting to the outpatient department of K.L.E.V.K.I.D.S and Belgaum Cancer Institute. Ethical clearance was obtained from the institution. A total of 100 confirmed head and neck cancer patients were interviewed. Untreated histopathologically confirmed head and neck cancer patients were included in the study while patients who were receiving, or had completed their course of treatment for cancer, with recurring malignant disease and with compromised physical and mental state which prevented them from answering questions were excluded from the study. Patients were divided into four groups depending on their stage of tumour as follows:- Group I = Stage I=23 patients Group II = Stage II=25 patients Group III = Stage III=25 patients Group IV = stage IV=27 patients Pain was evaluated using â€Å"Brief Pain Inventory (BPI)† (7) which was validated in the North Indian Population.(8) The BPI is a 11 point scale which is presented horizontally from numbers ranging from 0-10. The Questions were translated in the local language of the patient. Patients were asked to rate their pain in the last 24 hours at its Worst, Least and on Average. Patients were also asked to encircle the number indicating the amount of pain they were having at present. The pain was then categorized into four groups: No pain (0), Mild pain (1-4), Moderate pain (5-6) and Severe pain (7-8) The Quality of Life of patients was assessed using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core-30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) version 3.0 (9) which was validated in Indian Population (10).EORCTC QLQ-C30 is a 30 item questionnaire which consists of five functional scale, three symptom scale, six single items and Global Quality of life question.(8) The functional scale comprises a set of questions to evaluate the functioning of a cancer patient which includes Physical, Role, Cognitive, Social and Emotional Functioning. Symptom Scale includes three items to evaluate the fatigue, pain and nausea in patients. A number of single items such as Dyspnoea, Insomnia, Insomnia, Constipation, appetite loss, Diarrhoea and Financial difficulties were also included. The Symptom scale evaluated Fatigue, Pain and Nausea. Patients were asked to answer each question on a 4 point scale ranging from 1-4; corresponding to pain as Not at all (1), A little bit (2), Quite a Bit (3, Very Much (4). Patients were asked to rate the last two items (Global Quality of Life ) on a horizontal scale ranging from 1-7. All the scores thus obtained were linearly transformed to be expressed on a scale from 0-100. All the data was tabulated and non-parametric tests were applied. The data was subjected to Descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal – Wallis test. Results: 100 histopathologically confirmed cases were enrolled in the study. The results showed that head and neck cancer was common in patients in 5th and 6th decade of life (35% and 32% respectively) with a mean age of 54.8 years (age range-24-86 years). Strong predominance of male population (79%) was seen. Out of a total 100 patients, 67% patients had the site of primary tumour in Oral cavity followed by Oropharynx (22 %), Larynx (6%)and Hypopharynx (5%). Lymph node involvement was present in 66% patients. The Mean scores for all the items on the scale was obtained using the EORTC QLQ-C30 Scoring Manual. Patients in the early stages of tumour scored significantly higher on function scale indicating higher functionality and ease in their daily activities. On contrary patients with advanced cancer scored higher on symptom scale indicating hampered quality of life and greater difficulty in doing their day to day work. Kruskal wallis test showed significant difference in the quality of life and the tumour stages, which was statistically significant .(p value On applying Mann Whitney test significant differences in the quality of life of patients with lymph node involvement and without lymph node involvement. (p value Chi square test also gave significant association between the quality of life and pain. (p value Discussion: This study was carried out to assess the influence of pain severity on quality of life of head and neck cancer patients before receiving any antineoplastic treatment. With approximately one million of new cancer cases being added every year in India and 80% of them presenting in advanced stages ( stage III and stage IV)(11)the need for pain relief and palliative therapy is imperative. Cancer pain still being one of the most dreaded and burdensome aspects of cancer patients draws attention to the management of pain in head and neck cancer patients. Inspite of introduction of WHO’s step ladder pattern for the management of pain control in cancer patients (12) it has been reported that less than 3% patients in India have an adequate access to pain relief. (13) . The present study also showed signification association between the cancer pain and stage of tumour. Patients with advanced stage of tumour experienced more difficulty in talking, swallowing etc. and poorer quality of life thus indicating a greater need for the institution of pain relief measures. The findings were consistent with the study done by Oliveira KG et al (14) who concluded that patients in advanced stages showed higher impairment in their functional status. Similar findings were noted by Connely et al (4) who reported that patients with squamous cell carcinoma experienced significantly incr eased function-related intensity of pain rather than spontaneous. The reasons for under treatment and inadequate pain relief could be attributed to poor resources, inaccessibility to morphine, misconception about the drugs for pain relief e.g. addiction, opiophobia of patients and communication problems. (15) Also the nature of Cancer pain is not fixed. It has multiple complex aetiologies and is recurring in nature. One of the very important reasons for the inadequate pain relief in cancer patients is that currently no such medication exists for chronic cancer pain that will provide more than 30% relief to the cancer patients.(16) This makes the institution of palliative and support care even more essential. The World Health Organization has defined Palliative care as â€Å"An approach that improves the quality of life of patients and their families facing the problems associated with life-threatening illness, through the prevention and relief of suffering by means of early identification and impeccable assessment and treatment of pain and other problems, physical, psychosocial, and spiritual.† (17) WHO emphasizes on meeting the psychological, social and mental needs of the patients so as to improve their quality of life. However, it has been reported that approximately 85% of patients who are admitted to palliative care centres have inadequate relief of pain. (18). Despite the fact that HNC has the highest pain prevalence of all the cancers and is one of the initial symptoms that motivate the patients to seek medical opinion, health care professionals concentrate solely on the surgical aspects, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The management of chief complain of the patient i.e. pain is neglected which leads to poor quality of life. Therefore an evaluation of cancer patients before initiating any antineoplastic treatment is critical to because most of the studies concentrate on the assessment of pain during or after treatment. Conclusion: The average time from the admission of patients to palliative care unit and their death is usually less than a month thus indicating that palliative care is usually initiated only in the terminally ill patients, An assessment of quality of life of cancer patients before treatment will draw the attention of the clinician to the most symptomatic and feared aspect of cancer i.e. pain. Thus appropriate measures for pain relief along with supportive and palliative care can be instituted right from the beginning of the treatment which will greatly enhance the quality of life of cancer patients. References: Parkin DM, Bray F, Ferlay J, Pisani P:Global cancer statistics, 2002. CA Cancer J Clin2005,55:74-108. Van den Beuken-van Everdingen MH1, de Rijke JM, Kessels AG, Schouten HC, van Kleef M, Patijn J. Prevalence of pain in patients with cancer: a systematic review of the past 40 years. Ann Oncol. 2007 Sep;18(9):1437-49. Cuffari L, de Tesseroli SJT, Nemr K, Rapaport A:Pain complaint as the first symptom of oral cancer: a descriptive study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod2006,102:56-61. Connelly ST, Schmidt BL: Evaluation of pain in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Pain 2004, 5:505-510 Epstein JB, Emerton S, Kolbinson DA, Le ND, Phillips N, Stevenson-Moore P, Osoba D: Quality of life and oral function following radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Head Neck 1999, 21:1-11. Bjordal K1, Kaasa S. Psychometric validation of the EORTC Core Quality of Life Questionnaire, 30-item version and a diagnosis-specific module for head and neck cancer patients. Acta Oncol. 1992;31(3):311-21. Cleeland CS, Ryan K: Pain assessment: global use of the Brief Pain Inventory. Ann Acad Med Singapore 1994, 23:129-138. Saxena A , Mendoza T,. Cleeland C. The assessment of cancer pain in north India: the validation of the Hindi Brief Pain InventoryBPI-H. J Pain Symptom Manage. 1999 Jan;17(1):27-41 Aaronson NK, Ahmedzai S, Bergman B, Bullinger M, Cull A, Duez NJ, Filiberti A, Flechtner H, Fleishman SB, de Haes JCJM, Kaasa S, Klee MC, Osoba D, Razavi D, Rofe PB, Schraub S, Sneeuw KCA, Sullivan M, Takeda F.The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30: A quality-of-life instrument for use in international clinical trials in oncology. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 1993; 85: 365-376. Chaukar DA, Das AK, Deshpande MS, Pai PS, Pathak KA, Chaturvedi P, Kakade AC, Hawaldar RW, DCruz AK. Quality of life of head and neck cancer patient: validation of the European organization for research and treatment of cancer QLQ-C30 and European organization for research and treatment of cancer QLQ-HN 35 in Indian patients. Indian J Cancer. 2005 Oct-Dec; 42(4):178-84. Seamark D, Ajithakumari K, Burn G, Saraswalthi Devi P, Koshy R, Seamark C. Palliative care in India. J R Soc Med. 2000;93:292–5. Vardy J, Agar M. Nonopioid drugs in the treatment of cancer pain. J Clin Oncol. 2014 Jun 1;32(16):1677-90. Khosla D, Patel F, and Sharma S. Palliative Care in India: Current Progress and Future Needs. Indian J Palliat Care. 2012 Sep-Dec; 18(3): 149–154. Oliveira KG, von Zeidler SV, Podestà ¡ JR, Sena A, Souza ED, Lenzi J, Bissoli NS, Gouvea SA. Influence of pain severity on the quality of life in patients with head and neck cancer before antineoplastic therapy. BMC Cancer. 2014 Jan 24;14:39. Thapa D, Rastogi V, Ahuja V. Cancer pain management-current status. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2011 Apr-Jun; 27(2): 162–168. Bloodworth D. Opioids in the treatment of chronic pain: Legal framework and therapeutic indications and limitations. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2006;17:355–79. Geneva: World Health Organization; [Last accessed on 2012 Mar 02]. â€Å"WHO Definition Of Palliative Care â€Å"Available from: http://www.who.int/cancer/palliative/definition/en . Lin YL, Lin IC, Liou JC: Symptom patterns of patients with head and neck cancer in a palliative care unit. J Palliat Med 2011, 14:556-559.

Texas Holdem Excellence Essay -- Personal Narrative Card Games Essays

Texas Holdem Excellence How do we define odds to ourselves? Are they things that happen because they are suppose to or are they things that were written and statistics made them happen. Odds and statistics play major roles in almost every event in life. They affect everything from who we marry and how long it lasts right down to what shoes we wear. These odds and statistics are very noticeable to everyone especially in a game of Texas hold'em poker. The game has some skills involved but the odds still apply to the type of cards a player is dealt in order to use his skills. This poker game is new and is played by many but only mastered by a few. I happen to look at myself as some one who has mastered the game. On Friday brad came up to me in school and asked if I was coming to the tournament tonight at his house. I responded "its Friday night what do you think I will be doing." He then said" Be there around 7 with the usual twenty dollar buy in." Walking around all day with a big grin on my face because in my head I was thinking that I have this thing wrapped up. I know there were going to be fifty or more people at his house for the tournament which was winner take all. The grin on my face was from me remembering the last three weeks in which I won the tournaments very easily. Later on in the day we were sitting in our English class talking some trash to each other. I said to Dan" are you guys prepared to go down again tonight for the fourth strait week." Dan responded " there is no way you can win again the odds are against you, so you better be prepared to take a beating tonight." I snapped back" Yes, they might be running out but the odds also state that I have a one in two hundred and fifty chance of winning which I ... ... and seventy five dollars," said Brad with an expression less face. "Call" I boldly stated knowing I was going to win, as the whole room fell silent as they all gasped for air. The river card was an three which did nothing. This was the big moment as we both turned our cards over. "The winner of the money was Justin Slesser" stated Brian while brad shook my had and retreated up stairs. The tournament started at seven and ended just before eight in the morning. There were many up's and downs in the tournament, but all in all I was very happy and was just glad to spend the evening with my poker buddies just like every Friday night. All my hard work and risk taking I beat the odds that my buddy Dan set against me the day before. This goes to show that odds play big roles in every thing but don’t be afraid to take a risk because someone says the odds are against you.

Shakespeares The Tempest - Miranda :: Tempest essays

The Character of Miranda in The Tempest The character of Miranda in "The Tempest" is extremely compelling for two reasons. First and foremost it is important to note that the Miranda is the only female character who appears in the entire play. This is the only Shakespeare play where a character has this kind of outstanding distinction. This is not just a fluke on the part of Shakespeare, for it is very important that the character of Miranda appear by herself. The reader is not able to compare her beauty and virtue to any other female in the world of "The Tempest", and this serves both to show her value as a character and the fact that no other living women has the virtue of Miranda. While Miranda may not have many outstanding lines or solioquys, she makes up for this in sheer presence alone. Miranda's character encompasses all the elements of perfectionism and goodness which is lacking in all the other respective characters. All of the other characters in "The Tempest" are reflected by Miranda, and even if she did not spe ak one line she would still serve this important purpose. Secondly, Miranda also serves as the ultimate fantasy for any male who (like Ferdinand) is a bachelor. She is extremely beautiful, she is intelligent, and she has never been touched (or even seen) by another male. Shakespeare makes Miranda even more desirable by including the fact that she has never seen or even talked to another man (with the obvoius exception of Prospero). Miranda personifies the ultimate source of good in the play, and provides the ultimate foil for the evil character of Caliban. When Ferdinand is forced to chop wood by Prospero, Miranda offers to do it for him. Finding a woman this humble in the world of Shakespeare is almost impossible. One does not have to look farther than her last line in the play to realize her purpose in the plot. Miranda states "O wonder! / How many goodly creatures there are here! / How beauteous mankind is! O brave new world / That has such people in't" (Tempest,5.1,185-7) Through this passage and many of her others Miranda shows a posit ive attitude which is almost uncanny when compared to the other characters.

Final Essay: Veteran’s Education Essay

In the essay â€Å"The Veterans are coming! The Veterans are coming!† by Edward F. Palm, the author mentioned that he continued his education by attending school after his Marine duties. Palm directed his messages of the essay toward the students and faculties at colleges on how to allow veterans to feel welcome to the school. Through the usages of his personal stories as a veteran himself, the author can also give advices to future veterans who wish to return to school. In order to present his ideas, Palm relied on his ability to utilize logos, pathos, and ethos appeals to allow audiences to believe in his credibility. The author used logical appeal to show the audiences the benefits that veterans get after serving the war since 1945. The door of opportunity had open for veterans through the laws of the World War II GI Bill, which allowed tuition fees, books, living allowance. Moreover, the GI bill also allows veterans to transfer their educational benefits to their spouses or children (Palm 790). With this detail, the author relied on the integrity of the Congress act (GI Bill) to explain that Veterans are encouraged to continue their education after they have finished their duties in the service. By years of serving wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, veterans will get financial supports and many other educational benefits that are given to them as rewards for their service. Many veterans are allowed to enter the door of education with many benefits. Yet, the author mentioned that veterans who came back from the wars were not â€Å"one-hundred percent welcomed† to continue their education in the colleges and universities. The author used emotional appeal to show the audiences how the veterans feel when they go to school. The author stated, â€Å"Either way, we in academe stand to gain. The question is, are we really ready to welcome today’s veterans into our midst?† (Palm 790). Representing for other veterans, the author showed the audiences his concerns of how veterans are treated. The author mentioned that veterans felt that they are the target of suspicions by many schools because people view veterans negatively through stigmas that are â€Å"repeatedly portrayed in the media as psychologically  maimed and socially debilitated and, therefore, potentially dangerous† (Palm 791). For this reason, he presented a list of advices to the schools from his own perspective as a war veteran to create changes toward a more â€Å"veteran-friendly school†. Standing up for veterans, the authors apply ethical appeals toward the audiences to ask for fair treatment toward the veterans. The author proposed five advices of giving veterans reasonable treatments. One of the advices was that the author proposed that â€Å"treat veterans as you would any other students.† With this in mind, the author expressed that veterans do not want any special attention and wished that classmates and professors to view them as any other students. Moreover, the author mentioned that many people came up to veteran students and thank them for their services (Palm 792). The author mentioned that it could make veterans feel uncomfortable. To further explain, the author said that many veterans would misunderstand the sincerity thank as â€Å"I’m glad you went so that my son or daughter didn’t have to go.† Listing his advices out for the audiences, the author tried to convince the audiences to take his advices of proper ways to view and treat veterans in school. Throughout the essay, Palm mentioned how much veterans are looking forward for their future education after the war. With the support of his personal stories, the author hoped to sway the audience into believing that veterans do not deserve to be treated differently. Work Cited Lunsford, Andrea A., John J. Ruszkiewicz, and Keith Walters. (2012). _Everything’s an Argument with Readings._ 6th ed. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s. Palm, Edward. â€Å"The Veterans Are Coming! The Veterans Are Coming!† Everything’s an Argument with Reading. Ed. Lunsford, Andrea A., John J. Ruszkiewicz, and Keith Walters. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2012.